Website vital

 What do you mean by website vitals? 

Core Web Vitals is a set of metrics that measure real-world user experience for loading performance, interactivity, and visual stability of the page. We highly recommend site owners achieve good core web vitals for success with search and to ensure a great user experience generally. This, along with other page experience aspects.

Explain all website vitals with a standard value and how to improve.

Website vitals are key performance metrics that impact user experience and search engine ranking. Google introduced core web vitals as part of its ranking factors to assess website speed and stability.

1. FCP (First Contentful Paint): FCP measures how quickly the first price of content appears on the screen.

Standard Value:

• Good: < 1.8 seconds

• Needs Improvement: 1.8 - 3 second

• Poor: > 3 second

How to improve: 

• Optimise CSS rendering by minifying stylesheets.

• Prioritize loading improvement content first.

• Use preload and preconnect  for critical assets.

2.  LCP (Largest Contentful Paint): LCP measures the time taken to load the largest visible content (image, text block, or video) on the page.

Standard Value:

• Good: < 2.5 seconds

• Needs Improvement: 2.5 - 4 second

• Poor: > 4 second

How to improve: 

• Optimise images using modern formats like WebP.

• Use a Content Network to reduce server response time 

• Minimize CSS and Javascript to speed up rendering

3. TBT (Total Blocking Time): TBT measures the total time the page is unresponsive due to heavy script.

Standard Value:

• Good: < 300ms

• Needs Improvement: 300-600 ms

• Poor: > 600ms

How to improve: 

• Optimise third-party scripts like ads or trackers.

• Use code splitting and lazy loading

• Minimize JavaScript execution and remove unused JS.

4. CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift): CLS tracks unexpected content shifts while loading, which can be frustrating for users.

Standard Value:

• Good: < 0.1 

• Needs Improvement: 0.1 - 0.25

• Poor: > 0.25

How to improve: 

• Set width & height attributes for images and videos.

• Use CSS font display: swap to prevent text shifts.

• Reserve space for ads and dynamic content using CSS aspect ratios.

Explain Google page speed and GT Matrix. 

GTmetrix: It is an online tool used to analyse and test the loading speed and performance of a website, providing detailed reports on how quickly a webpage loads and offering suggestions on how to optimize its performance for a better user experience. it acts as a website speed checker to help identify areas for improvement to make a website load faster.

Google PageSpeed: It measures the time it takes for a webpage to load after a user clicks on it. Page speed significantly affects user experience, bounce rates, and Google search ranking. Optimizing the elements like mobile design, code cleanliness, text and image compression, and minimizing redirects can improve page seed.

Landing page

 What do you mean by landing page?

In digital marketing, a landing page is a standalone web page created specifically for a marketing or advertising campaign. It’s where visitors "land" after clicking on a link in an email or ads from Google, Bing, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, or similar places on the web.

What do you mean by web page?

A webpage is a digital document linked to the World Wide Web and viewable by anyone with a web browser who is connected to the Internet. It can contain any type of information, such as text, color, graphics, animations, videos, sounds, etc.

Define the following: 

• Header: A header is a line of text that appears at the top of a page. It can be used to display information about the document, such as the title, page number, or creation date.

• Slider: The term slider is used to designate a slideshow that is integrated into a web page. It can also be called a carousel. Many WordPress plugins allow you to create sliders that you can add to your homepage, in a post, or anywhere else on your site.

• Body: The main visible content area of a webpage, encompassing all the elements like text, images, videos, and interactive components that users see when they visit a site; essentially, everything displayed on the page excluding the header and footer, contained within the <body> tag in HTML code.

• Footer: A footer is a bit of printed text at the very bottom of a page. The most common kind of footer is a page number. In academic writing, page numbers are frequently formatted as footers centred at the bottom—"or" foot—"of each page.

Difference between Normal website and e-commerce website

Website

 What do you mean by Web page?

A webpage is a document written in HTML that can be viewed on a web browser. It is contained within the web server, which can be accessed by entering the URL for the web page. Once it is loaded, it appears on the user’s web browser. Each webpage is linked with a unique URL, hence, two pages cannot have the same URL.

What do you mean by subpage in a website?

A subpage is used to design a layout at the element level. You can add several components to a page, such as a form, tab, and others. Designing a layout means that you are creating multiple sections on a page.T hese sections can include the left panel, middle sections, top navigation panel, footer, etc.

What is an index file in a website?

It is the standard filename for a website’s homepage. When a user accesses a website without specifying a particular page, the server automatically delivers the index.html file.

• Default Landing Page: Acts as the entry point for website visitors.

• Server Recognition: The web server prioritises index.html when no specific page is requested.

• Organisational Standard: Maintains consistency across web projects.

SSL

 What do you mean by SSL?

Secure Socket Layer (SSL) provided security to the data that is transferred between web browsers and servers.  SSL encrypts the link between a web server and a browser, which ensures that all data passes between them privately and free from attack.

Benefits of SSL?

• Boosts Ranking & Increases Brand Value: SSL dramatically improves the perception that users have of your brand. When your site has been signed by a trusted third-party certificate, our customers are ensured that they are indeed on a valid and trusted site. They will be less worried about security issues and will engage with you more effectively.

• Secure Payments to Experience Safe Shopping: Without the use of SSL, business sites can't even dream of having a single successful credit card transaction. By implementing SSL, visitors will find your websites more trustworthy and experience secure shopping on the HTTPS site.

• Build Trust with Extended Authentication: Customers are becoming more and more security aware. As a lot of sensitive information, such as bank passwords and personal details, are exchanged in a cloud platform, a secure authentication mechanism must be provided to ensure data protection

• Strongest Encryption to Secure Information: All the information transferred over an SSL connection is encrypted, and there is no way an interceptor could decipher your information. When the credit card data and other private information will travel between the web server and user’s browser, the site will be secured with robust encryption (for example, SHA256-bit encryption) that left no place for hackers to sniff transmitting information.

Different price and plane of SSL?

What do you mean by Encryption?

Encryption is a form of data security in  which information is converted to ciphertext. Only authorized people who have the key can decipher the code and access the original plaintext information. Encryption is a way to render data unreadable to an unauthorised party.

What do you mean by Decryption?

Decryption is the process of transforming encrypted information into its original, decipherable format. The process of decryption takes the ambiguous data that was originally received and translates it into words and images that a human can comprehend. It is a necessary component of the cybersecurity process because encryption requires scrambling words and pictures itosecurely send them to a different user through the internet.

How does SSL protect websites?

• Secure communication begins with a TLS handshake, in which the two communication parties open a secure connection and exchange the public key.

• During the TLS handshake, the two parties generate session keys, and the session keys encrypt and decrypt all communications after the TLS handshake.

• Different session keys are used to encrypt communication in each new session.

• TLS ensures that the party on the server side, or the website the user is interacting with, is actually who they claim to be.

• TLS also ensures that data has not been altered, since a message authentication code (MAC) is included with transmissions.

Hosting

What do you mean by hosting?

Web hosting is like renting space on the internet or the web browser; it allocates server space on the World Wide Web. This secures our dedicated environment for our web domains. Web hosting provides a space to keep your website’s data on the server. When someone enters your domain name into their browser, this server promptly displays your site to them.

Types of Hosting?

• Shared hosting: Shared hosting means that multiple websites share the same server, which is a great way to keep costs down. Each customer has a limit on how much server resources they can use, based on their chosen hosting package.

• Dedicated hosting: It is a type of web hosting where server resources like CPU, memory, and storage are dedicated to a single client or website. This client has complete control over their allocated resources, configurations, and software.

• Virtual Private Server (VPS) hosting: A VPS is a virtual machine that provides a virtualised server that is shared with other users. With VPS hosting, you get dedicated server space with a reserved amount of resources, offering greater control and customisation than shared hosting.

• Cloud hosting: When you run your application or website on virtual servers in the cloud. Traditionally, organisations hosted applications on physical servers purchased in on-premises data centres or hired from hosting providers. In cloud hosting, you pay a cloud provider to host your application across a network.

Different Hosting plans on GoDaddy?

What do you mean by Bandwidth?

Bandwidth is a measure of how much information a network can transfer in a given amount of time. It is typically defined as the number of bits, kilobits, megabits, or gigabits that may be sent in one second over an internet connection. Generally, the higher the bandwidth, the quicker your devices download information from the internet.

Differences Between Shared Hosting and Dedicated Hosting?

Shared hosting: Multiple websites share the same server and resources

• Limited control over server settings and configurations.

• Economical; cost is shared among many users.

• Low to moderate traffic.

• Limited customisation options.

• The bandwidth per user is limited.

• The storage option is kept limited to provide equal shares

• Performance is low as a full server is used to handle multiple websites.

• Response time is slow due to more websites.

• Example: Domain.com, Hostinger shared, iPage, etc.

Dedicated hosting

• Single websites have exclusive access to server resources.

• Full control over server settings and configurations

• Expensive: Higher cost as the server is not shared.

• High traffic, large databases, and resource-intensive.

• Full customisation of server settings and software.

• The storage option is kept limited to provide equal shares

• Performance is low as a full server is used to handle multiple websites.

• Response time is slow due to more websites.

• Example: Domain.com, Hostinger shared, iPage, etc.

• There is no limit to the bandwidth to use.

• Performance is much higher as  a full server is used to handle one website

• Response time is fast due to a single website.

• Example: InMotion hosting, Hostwinds, IONOS hosting, etc.

What type of s-commerce business will you choose?

• Dedicated server: A dedicated server is a web hosting service that creates a single server for one company or organization. Companies can use them for a variety of purposes, from running an internet website to saving data in backup storage files or email services. A dedicated server can also provide a high-speed connection for use. It is best for large e-commerce businesses with high traffic and advanced requirements, and it is a physical server exclusively for your websites. They have complete control over a server, high performance and reliability, and enhanced security.

Tips before purchasing a server?

• Identify your needs: what application you will run on the server, how many users will access it, and what level of performance is required.

• Server type selection: decide whether you need a dedicated physical server or a virtual server in the cloud.

• Storage: Select storage options (HDD, SSD) based on your data needs and speeds.

• Network bandwidth: Consider the required network bandwidth for data transfer based on your expected traffic volume.

• Support and maintenance: The level of technical support offered by the provider, including availability and expertise.

• Cost analysis: Compare prices from different vendors, considering both hardware cost and ongoing operational expenses.

• Security features: Ensure the server has built-in security features to protect your data.

• Server lifecycle: Check the manufacturer's end-of-life date for the server hardware to plan future upgrades.